radix skrev:Även att leka med en icke-mammas bröstvårtor stimulerar oxytocin förresten.

På grund av vasopressins avgörande betydelse för kroppens homeostas tycks medicinering för andra funktioner vara osannolik inom överskådlig framtid.

marcooleo skrev:Ser att det finns att beställa på diverse amerikanska siter

radix skrev:Vasopressin heter den manliga motsvarigheten.. har också tänkt i de där banorna lite. Enklaste vore ju att hitta nån att kramas med dock.

Alien skrev:Finns det något som hindrar att läkare skriver ut oxytocinspray till de autister/aspergare som begär det?

Är man lyckligt nyförälskad så mår man förstås bra. Men nyförälskelsen varar inte i evighet, och sen har man iaf samma problem med andra människor. Kanske inte samma behov av att träffa nya människor (man har ju sin partner) men problem att klara av påtvingade men nödvändiga kontakter, t ex på jobbet.

Kanin skrev:Oxytocin tycks minska bakgrundsbrus i hjärnan hos personer med autism:

Neuromodulatory control by oxytocin is essential to a wide range of social, parental and stress-related behaviours. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with deficiencies in oxytocin levels and with genetic alterations of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR). Thirty years ago, Mühlethaler et al. found that oxytocin increases the firing of inhibitory hippocampal neurons, but it remains unclear how elevated inhibition could account for the ability of oxytocin to improve information processing in the brain. Here we describe in mammalian hippocampus a simple yet powerful mechanism by which oxytocin enhances cortical information transfer while simultaneously lowering background activity, thus greatly improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

Scott F Owen et al (2013) Oxytocin enhances hippocampal spike transmission by modulating fast-spiking interneurons. Nature. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v500/n7463/full/nature12330.html

För en mer lätttillgängling sammanfattning se till exempel http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/264393.php.


Fas II-studie (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01944046) är på gång med oxytocin-nässpray för behandling av autism:

A naturally occurring hormone, oxytocin plays a critical role in sociability and affiliation. In the Autism Speaks-funded pilot study, researchers administered oxytocin or saline nasal spray to 25 children and teens twice a day for 2 months. The children who received oxytocin showed greater improvement in social behaviors compared to those who received the inactive nasal spray. Based in part on these promising results, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) awarded $12.6 million to fund a national clinical trial.

http://www.autismspeaks.org/science/science-news/researchers-launch-study-oxytocin-nasal-spray

Ytterligare en fas II-studie:
Intranasal Oxytocin Treatment for Social Deficits in Children With Autism (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01624194)

plåtmonster skrev:Oxytocin är inte könsspecifikt däremot ökar det vid t.ex amning. Något som killar inte gör..
Vasopressin gör att ev partner är mer monogam.

Dock kan oförmågan att läsa personer i kombination med oxytocin vara en dålig kombination.

marcooleo skrev:Ser att det finns att beställa på diverse amerikanska siter, frågan är om det är riktigt Oxytocin i flaskorna? Någon som vet om det går att köpa inom EU?

But can oxytocin live up to the hype? Research does link it to increased trust, social bonding and even a predisposition to donate to charity. It’s these positive influences that make researchers hopeful that it could help treat mental health disorders, including autism, social anxiety disorder and schizophrenia. Small-scale, preliminary studies show that a sniff of the hormone enables people with autism to better read social cues and allays social anxiety among those with social anxiety disorder. Some physicians are so convinced in the promise of oxytocin, they’ve started prescribing it to children with autism.

That makes oxytocin researchers nervous. Too many questions remain unanswered, including how it works and under what circumstances. On top of those concerns, recent studies suggest that oxytocin may also have a darker side: For some people it might actually decrease trust and sociability and, depending on the context, high levels of the hormone might be a sign that a close relationship is troubled.

“People got carried away with the idea of the cuddle hormone,” says University of California, Los Angeles, psychologist Shelley E. Taylor, PhD. Her work on oxytocin suggests that the hormone is high in women whose relationships are in distress. “It’s never a good idea to map a psychological profile onto a hormone; they don’t have psychological profiles.”

Oxytocin’s other side - http://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/03/oxytocin.aspx

Taken together, these studies support the view that oxytocin improves emotion recognition only under certain circumstances, such as when a task is demanding for the individual performing it; they also indicate that there is a point beyond which oxytocin cannot improve social cognitive abilities

As with the social cognition data, however, a closer look reveals the variable nature of the effects of oxytocin on prosociality. As detailed (Table 1), almost half of the studies/outcomes reported in the prosociality domain found no significant main effect of oxytocin (not including those where the main effect of oxytocin is not reported). Moreover, situational or individual difference factors moderated 60% of the outcomes reported. Finally, although many of the reported effects of oxytocin were positive/beneficial, a sizeable minority (21%) of the published studies on oxytocin and prosociality report negative – that is, antisocial (i.e.not prosocial) – effects, such as increasing feelings of envy, mistrust, attachment insecurity or outgroup derogation.

Preliminary evidence concerning the effects of oxytocin have produced optimism about its potential to improve social cognition in autistic individuals, and to facilitate trust and reduce social anxiety in conditions such as social phobia and borderline personality disorder. We share this enthusiasm but believe that all such work should be mindful of the variance in extant findings and the idea that oxytocin, although helpful in some contexts, might not be helpful in others.

In fact, the context- and person-dependent nature of oxytocin indicates that a more strategic therapeutic approach might be warranted. One fruitful strategy might be to combine oxytocin pharmacotherapy with a psychosocial intervention to target specific cognitive or behavioral outcomes. For example one could administer oxytocin in conjunction with face processing or emotion recognition training to target social cognitive deficits in autism.

The research reviewed in preceding sections indicates that the view of exogenous oxytocin as broadly and invariantly improving social cognition or prosocial behavior is incorrect, and could impede progress in understanding the function and potential utility of it in treatment. We propose that exogenous oxytocin can be viewed as altering the basic processing of social stimuli, for example the salience of interpersonal cues that in turn could produce a wide variety of behavioral effects depending on situational and/or dispositional factors.

Kanin skrev:Effekterna av oxytocin är särskilt på längre sikt osäkra och hormonet kan även ha negativa sociala konsekvenser:

But can oxytocin live up to the hype? Research does link it to increased trust, social bonding and even a predisposition to donate to charity. It’s these positive influences that make researchers hopeful that it could help treat mental health disorders, including autism, social anxiety disorder and schizophrenia. Small-scale, preliminary studies show that a sniff of the hormone enables people with autism to better read social cues and allays social anxiety among those with social anxiety disorder. Some physicians are so convinced in the promise of oxytocin, they’ve started prescribing it to children with autism.

That makes oxytocin researchers nervous. Too many questions remain unanswered, including how it works and under what circumstances. On top of those concerns, recent studies suggest that oxytocin may also have a darker side: For some people it might actually decrease trust and sociability and, depending on the context, high levels of the hormone might be a sign that a close relationship is troubled.

“People got carried away with the idea of the cuddle hormone,” says University of California, Los Angeles, psychologist Shelley E. Taylor, PhD. Her work on oxytocin suggests that the hormone is high in women whose relationships are in distress. “It’s never a good idea to map a psychological profile onto a hormone; they don’t have psychological profiles.”

Oxytocin’s other side - http://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/03/oxytocin.aspx

Höga nivåer av oxytocin är associerade med förstorad prostata (oxytocin tycks modulera testosteronproduktionen och omvandling till DHT).

Höga doser av oxytocin verkar vattensparande och kan leda till högt blodtryck och i värsta fall vattenförgiftning.

Kanin skrev:En intressanta översiktsartikel:
Social effects of oxytocin in humans: context and person matter
http://www18.homepage.villanova.edu/die ... Review.pdf

Taken together, these studies support the view that oxytocin improves emotion recognition only under certain circumstances, such as when a task is demanding for the individual performing it; they also indicate that there is a point beyond which oxytocin cannot improve social cognitive abilities

As with the social cognition data, however, a closer look reveals the variable nature of the effects of oxytocin on prosociality. As detailed (Table 1), almost half of the studies/outcomes reported in the prosociality domain found no significant main effect of oxytocin (not including those where the main effect of oxytocin is not reported). Moreover, situational or individual difference factors moderated 60% of the outcomes reported. Finally, although many of the reported effects of oxytocin were positive/beneficial, a sizeable minority (21%) of the published studies on oxytocin and prosociality report negative – that is, antisocial (i.e.not prosocial) – effects, such as increasing feelings of envy, mistrust, attachment insecurity or outgroup derogation.

Preliminary evidence concerning the effects of oxytocin have produced optimism about its potential to improve social cognition in autistic individuals, and to facilitate trust and reduce social anxiety in conditions such as social phobia and borderline personality disorder. We share this enthusiasm but believe that all such work should be mindful of the variance in extant findings and the idea that oxytocin, although helpful in some contexts, might not be helpful in others.

In fact, the context- and person-dependent nature of oxytocin indicates that a more strategic therapeutic approach might be warranted. One fruitful strategy might be to combine oxytocin pharmacotherapy with a psychosocial intervention to target specific cognitive or behavioral outcomes. For example one could administer oxytocin in conjunction with face processing or emotion recognition training to target social cognitive deficits in autism.

The research reviewed in preceding sections indicates that the view of exogenous oxytocin as broadly and invariantly improving social cognition or prosocial behavior is incorrect, and could impede progress in understanding the function and potential utility of it in treatment. We propose that exogenous oxytocin can be viewed as altering the basic processing of social stimuli, for example the salience of interpersonal cues that in turn could produce a wide variety of behavioral effects depending on situational and/or dispositional factors.

Miche skrev:Jag är nog en oxytocinjunkie, men jag införskaffar det genom att umgås intensivt med min flickvän vilket gör att både jag och hon mår bra, eventuella bieffekter får vi väl ta...

Alien skrev:Finns det något som hindrar att läkare skriver ut oxytocinspray till de autister/aspergare som begär det?

FASS skrev:Eftersom oxytocin har en lätt antidiuretisk effekt, kan långvarigt bruk med höga doser och stora volymer vätska orsaka vattenintoxikation med hyponatremi.